The Qing Dynasty "Qianlonggong" traces the Stan jade is extremely precious

China's jade collections are generally divided into prehistoric, high ancient, medieval, and Ming and Qing dynasties according to stages. In the Qing dynasty's "Qianlonggong", there is a class of extremely precious deep palace exclusive jade--"Marku Stan "jade. "The Marks of Stan" is the collective name of the Mughal dynasty established in the northern part of India in the 17th and 19th centuries in the north of India, Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. The "Study of the Stan" jade (referred to as "mark jade") belongs to the Islamic jade, and its origin includes the vast Central Asia region such as Timur, Mughal and Ottoman Empire. From the middle of the 18th century during the Qianlong period, the "Study of the Stan" came into the Qing Dynasty and was loved by the Emperor Qianlong. Emperor Qianlong was impressed by his gorgeous decoration and exquisite carvings, called "ghost work."

From the West to raise in the deep palace

The scar jade was originally a noble jade in the Mughal Kingdom of North India. After the Qing Emperor Kangxi settled Tibet, the system of the king in the southwestern part of China required the affiliated countries to tribute to the treasures. Emperor Kangxi, the grandson of Emperor Kangxi, is a big collector and a poet. He has different preferences and pursuits with his grandfather in art. He also likes the treasures of literary and miscellaneous classes and seeks new and different. The trace jade was the royal jade that was tribute to the Emperor Qianlong at that time. During the ten years of Qianlong’s reign, the trace jade gave a great impact on the mainstream art system of Chinese Confucianism and Taoism culture. This is the embodiment of Qianlong’s compatibility and order in art. . The scarcity of the number of jade and the culmination of the craftsmanship have given birth to a large number of generations of imitating the jade shape. It has had a certain impact on the Chinese craft style in the late Qing Dynasty, and the trace jade to Jiaqing Dynasty will no longer tribute.

Because the trace jade is the jewel in the royal royal world, both in China and abroad, the world is extremely rare. Therefore, even if overseas relics are popular in the auction, today, few friends recommend the jade that they collected from overseas. Westerners and Chinese people have different aesthetic tastes. Most of them do not think that jade is a valuable art treasure. The collection and attention are far less than us. Therefore, whether it is the trace jade that has been passed down abroad, or the trace jade that has been lost from China to overseas, most of them are not well preserved. More places where the scars are preserved are relatively concentrated in the Beijing Palace Museum and the National Palace Museum in Taipei. Even the well-known “Qingju Yaji” and “Minzhi Jingshe” in the industry are rare. There is a saying in China that “things are rare and expensive”, which makes the trace jade like the “珐琅彩” porcelain, which can always produce impressive results on the auction floor.

Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty loved the trace jade very much, and added a lot of imperial poems on many jade articles. From the Qianlong period, the trace jade became an important variety of the palace jade in the Qing Dynasty. Ji Xiaolan's "Reading the Micro-Caotang Notes" records that "the jade of today's jade, the first is the trace of Stan," which shows its exquisiteness. Beginning in the middle and late Qing dynasty, in addition to the court, the folks have gradually attached importance to the tanning and collection of the "Study of the Stan", and the imitation of the jade has gradually spread. According to the records of the jade articles made by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Yangzhou special alleys have imitated the tribute of the "Mark Dustan" jade.

From the materials used, the trace jade is from the Hetian area of ​​Xinjiang. The jade is mainly white jade, sapphire and jasper, which is warm and pure. In terms of shape and ornamentation, it reflects the typical Islamic style. The utensils are mainly made of practical bowls, cups, washes, plates, pots and other food utensils and handles. From the ornamentation, plant leaves, dragonflies, passionflowers Mainly with clematis, the craft is characterized by thin tires and inlaid gold inlaid gems, called "Western" or "Fan Zuo". Previously, the domestic literature recorded that the jade was inlaid with red and sapphire in the body. It was filled with red and blue under the colorless glass, showing the effect of red and sapphire.

According to the official materials of the first historical archives that the author can find, the jade articles of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the People’s Republic of China show that as early as the tribute of the sacred jade, the Emperor Qianlong ordered the imitation of the jade in the lanes of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, and the Pingding of Xinjiang. The opening of the "Jade Road" also made a large number of high-quality and volumey Hetian jade tribute to the court. Under the premise of the quantity and quality of Hetian jade, the alleys began to imitate the shape and skill of the jade.

But then again, holding the ancient attitude to copy the official style provided by the court, must reflect the emperor's preferences, will not completely copy the Western aristocrats' favorite style, so the imitation of the jade shape is closer to the Manchu and Han nationality preferences. In addition, the official imitation does not pursue its economic value, and the Qianlong dynasty jade tools can be compared with the small western countries. Therefore, on the basis of the original jade, the styling and patterns have made innovations and breakthroughs. It is the craftsmanship of these Suzhou artisans that has allowed the imitation of jade in the future to be promoted in the private sector.

The traces of jade are mostly high imitation

China has a grounded idiom called "upward effect". A large part of the universal universal values ​​come from the official abominations and preferences. Qianlong has repeatedly carved poems on the jade, and the literary scholars have helped the imitation of the jade. . In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou and Yangzhou jade jade craftsmen moved to Beijing. The descendants of these craftsmen made their own familiar and good-looking subjects for the folk collectors, because of their livelihood considerations. The long-term succession of their descendants has made Beijing Jade Factory The craftsmanship of the older generation of craftsmen became possible. The imitation of the jade is also a technique based on the material, that is, the good technique of carving the good jade material, and the technique of carving the material is almost the same.

With the rise of antiques and the prevalence of the ancient mindset, the imitation of the jade is now more like its shape, which is not intended to embody its purpose. It does not highlight the practicality of the artifacts. The craftsmanship is no longer imitation of inlaid filigree and red sapphires. Imitation of thin tires and Passionflower ornamentation, quick success and quick success, the idea of ​​how fast and easy to save is very dusty, the material has also been transformed from the local jade imitation system into a glass product with lower cost and easier mechanization production, but the polishing process is carefully observed. In particular, the embossed pattern edge does not see its old manual scar, replaced by the computer-type mesh fine marks, the polishing process has also changed the manual polishing to the current mechanical polishing, the processing marks are obvious, "fire" full, I don’t see the old patina left over from the years and the use of traces. The inferior "Trace Dustan" jade can quickly be judged to be a mechanical product. Nowadays people use the current vision to identify a mechanical product, which is much easier than the people in the past. In fact, the identification of antiquities can be reverse thinking. Instead of entangled in the problems of new and old, it is better to carefully distinguish between mechanisms and handicrafts. It is really "not knowing the true colors of the mountains, only in this mountain."

Investing in trace jade needs to be unique

In recent years, the trace jade has been favored by the jade collection industry, the market price has been rising all the way, and the auction prices of Christie's and Sotheby's auction houses have hit record highs. In 2010, a Yulei ear can in the Qing Emperor Qianlong auctioned 10.18 million Hong Kong dollars at the Christie's auction house in Hong Kong. This jade ear can is 15 cm wide, white jade, with a mouth, round belly and a flower-shaped foot. The shoulders and the close-legs are embossed with floral patterns on both sides, and the buds on both sides are decorated with a flower bud that is to be placed, and the flowers are carved at the bottom. Prior to this, there was a Qing dynasty imperial poem, which was sold at HK$ 9,246,400 in Hong Kong Sotheby's Spring Art Auction. Having a good market share is also an important indicator of the price of stable investment products. In the current market performance, the market value of the trace jade still has a lot of room for growth.

Investment in the traces of jade must be unique, many unscrupulous merchants shoddy, fake, and must be carefully identified in the collection. From the material point of view, the trace jade is basically made of Xinjiang Hetian jade, the ancient material feeder and glassware are doing well, and there is no Hetian Yu Wenrun. The greasy texture is very easy to distinguish compared with the "white" of Russian jade, the "water" of Qinghai jade, and the "dry" of Korean jade; from the technical point of view, the common feature of the jade is the thin tire; from the perspective of patina, Old jade must have old jade elephants, trace jade and traces of imitation from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. After vicissitudes of life, rain and erosion, hands to help, will leave natural traces of oxidation and wear marks, just like people wear on their bodies. Like clothes, nature is not artificial; from the order of inheritance, overseas repatriation, celebrity inscriptions, well-known books, and auction records of famous auction houses can provide a good evidence for the prospect of this investment.

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