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The use of good raw materials is the basis for high-quality fabrics.
Like most of the economic crops, cotton has special requirements for soil quality and climate. Soil moisture, nutrients, temperature, air, salt and alkali content, texture, etc. all have a great impact on cotton growth. Despite the increasing demand for cotton in the global market, there are not many regions that are suitable for value cotton. There are currently three core cotton producing regions in the world. They are:
China (Yangtze River Cotton Area, Yellow River Basin Cotton Area and Xinjiang Cotton Area)
1. Xinjiang Cotton Region: Xinjiang Cotton Region mainly includes southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang. The area has sufficient sunshine, and the dry and rainy climate is scarcely belongs to irrigation cotton; the farming system is one year old, the cotton fields are concentrated, the scale of planting is high, the degree of mechanization is high; the yield per unit is high, and the original cotton is of good color; the “triple silk†content is low compared to other cotton areas. . The cotton fiber strength in Xinjiang is lower than that in the Yellow River and the Yangtze River basin, mainly due to the low moisture regain.
2. Cotton area in the Yellow River Basin: The area has sufficient sunshine, good heat conditions, moderate soil fertility, moderate annual precipitation, and good fiber quality under normal years. However, due to the improper allocation of crops in some regions, the degree of harm to pests and insects varies, coupled with low temperatures and low temperatures in late years of some years, resulting in unstable annual fiber quality.
Shandong, Hebei cotton, good color, good luster, long fiber, low cashmere rate, good strength, a grade higher than Hubei, micronaire value is small, can spin 40 yarns, but more than three wires.
In addition to Nanyang and Xinyang, Henan is planted on land, with a short production period, low cotton strength, high fineness, no good color in Shandong and Hebei, short sawing and high velvet, and can also be spun for 40s.
3, the Yangtze River Valley cotton area: The area of ​​cotton production is relatively large in Hunan, Hubei. Its cotton is characterized by good maturity, high micronaire value, and rough fibers. More than 80% of the cotton micronaires have a value of 4 or more, three filaments less, and the short cashmere rate is lower than Henan, the color is gray, and 21 can be spun. 32 yarns.
United States (cotton belt south of 35°N)
1. California SJVACALA Cotton: It is the "ACALA" cotton planted in California's SJV valley area. It has good weather conditions, a high proportion of high-grade cotton, the best quality of cotton, and the most expensive price in the same class. The average length is 1-1/ Above 8, the strength is not less than 30 GPT, the fineness is 4.2, the uniformity is higher than 82%, and the total output is 80% more than cotton.
2, SJVUPLAND: SJVUPLAND planted in the SJV canyon area is not "ACALA" varieties of cotton, SJVUPLAND is SJV transgenic cotton, the quality is worse than SJVACALA, the price is cheaper, more expensive than other regions, but also belongs to SJV cotton, the current total production of cotton in SJV 10% of total production.
3, C/A cotton: California/Arizona cotton, C/A cotton, cotton quality, prices ranked third, the average length is higher than 1-3/32, strong 26-29GPT, 03 year length The improvement can generally reach 1-1/8.
4. Memphis Cotton/Eastern Cotton: Memphis/Eastern Cotton Price ranks fourth, with output accounting for 49% of the United States's total production. The average length is higher than 1-1/16, and the quality is average. Parts of the Central South Production Area are for export.
5. "MOT" Cotton: Mainly refers to cotton produced in Texas/Aussie/Oklahoma. "MOT" cotton has the lowest price, short length and thick fiber, and is suitable for air spinning.
6. PIMA Cotton: US long-staple cotton, grown in Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and California. Almost all long-staple cotton is used for export. The annual output is about 150,000 tons. Pima cotton's grade fiber length is 46/32†and its grade fiber strength is 40GPT. It can be used in ring spinning to produce cotton yarns with 60†or higher yarn count.
India (cotton areas are mainly distributed in Punjab, Khayana, Rajasthan, and some areas in the northwestern part of the Deccan Plateau)
India is the third largest cotton producing country in the world, and its cotton planting area ranks first in the world, but its yield has been at a low of 20 kg/mu, far below the global average of 41 kg/mu.
The varieties of Indian cotton are divided into three categories according to their length: short fibers are Indian soil cotton, medium and long fibers are beautiful American upland cotton, and long fiber upland cotton and Egyptian cotton varieties. The main varieties include Deshi, J34, V797, LRA, MECH1, Bunny, Shankar-6, MCU5, DCH32, Suvin and others.
The advantages of Indian cotton are:
The price of cotton is 3-5 cents lower than that of machine-picking cotton; the grade is better, because the strength of leather ginning is higher, and only (J34) is used for ginning;
Variety of varieties can meet different spinning requirements;
There are few nep, especially Shankar-6, which has a poorly balanced cotton variety in the global capital city.
Gloss and color are one of the best cotton in the world.
weakness is:
Processing technology lags behind cotton pollution;
Miscellaneous schooling of certain varieties;
The packaging is poor and there is no mark. After long-distance travel, it will cause cotton pollution and damage to cotton bales.
Due to the small-scale management, the different cotton varieties were mixed together and the quality consistency was poor;
Compared to cotton from other places of origin, Indian cotton has a low overall value of micronaire, which can reach 4.5 in the early years of the year. The value of cotton horses picked in the later period quickly dropped to 3.8 or even 3.0.
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