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New energy: also known as unconventional energy. It refers to various forms of energy other than traditional energy sources. Refers to energy sources such as solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, ocean energy, biomass energy and nuclear fusion energy that have just been developed or are being actively researched and are to be promoted.
In 1980 (Geng Shennian), the United Nations Conference on New Energy and Renewable Energy defined the new energy as: based on new technologies and new materials, modernized development and utilization of traditional renewable energy sources. Inexhaustible and renewed renewable energy replaces fossil energy with limited resources and pollution to the environment, focusing on solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, hydrogen energy and nuclear energy (atomic energy)
New energy generally refers to renewable energy developed on the basis of new technologies, including solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy and tidal energy, and thermal cycling between the ocean surface and deep layers. In addition, there are hydrogen energy, biogas, alcohol, methanol, etc., and coal, oil, natural gas, water energy and other energy sources that have been widely used are called conventional energy sources. With the limited availability of conventional energy sources and the increasing environmental problems, new energy sources with environmental protection and renewable characteristics are receiving more and more attention from all countries.
The new energy sources that can form industries in China mainly include water energy (mainly small hydropower stations), wind energy, biomass energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, etc., and are clean energy that can be recycled. The development of new energy industry is not only an effective supplementary means for the entire energy supply system, but also an important measure for environmental governance and ecological protection, and is the ultimate energy choice to meet the sustainable development needs of human society.
Generally speaking, conventional energy refers to energy that is relatively mature in technology and has been used on a large scale. New energy usually refers to energy that has not been widely used and is being actively researched and developed. Therefore, coal, oil, natural gas, and large and medium-sized hydropower are regarded as conventional energy sources, and solar energy, wind energy, modern biomass energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, and hydrogen energy are used as new energy sources. With the advancement of technology and the establishment of the concept of sustainable development, industrial and domestic organic waste, which has been regarded as garbage in the past, has been re-recognized, and it has been deeply researched and exploited as a material for energy resource utilization. The resource utilization of waste can also be seen as a form of new energy technology.
The energy resources that are newly developed and utilized by human beings and need further research and development are called new energy sources. Compared with conventional energy sources, new energy sources have different contents in different historical periods and technological levels. In today's society, new energy usually refers to solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, hydrogen energy and so on.
According to categories, it can be divided into: solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, hydrogen energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, small hydropower, chemical energy (such as ether-based fuel), nuclear energy, and so on.
I. Overview
According to analysis, China's energy consumption structure has not changed significantly since 2001. Petrochemical energy, especially coal consumption, has always dominated primary energy consumption, accounting for 90% and 60% respectively.
For the new energy industry, this is considered a boon. A comprehensive observation of China's stock market industry also illustrates this point. China's green energy stocks are flying higher, and more idle funds are being invested in new energy and environmental protection industries. At the same time, China will surpass Europe to become the world's largest market for alternative energy growth. In this context, the new energy industry should seize this opportunity to actively develop wind power, solar energy, etc., and increase the proportion of new energy.
It is estimated that the annual solar energy radiated to the earth is 1.78 billion kilowatts, of which 500 to 100 billion degrees can be exploited. However, because of its scattered distribution, it can be used very little. Geothermal energy resources refer to the total caloric content of rocks and water bodies within a depth of 5,000 meters. Among them, the high-temperature geothermal energy resources within a depth of 3 km and above 150 °C in the global land area are 1.4 million tons of standard coal, and some countries have begun commercial development and utilization. The potential of the world's wind energy is about 350 billion kilowatts. Because of the intermittent dispersion of wind power, it is difficult to use it economically. If there is a major improvement in energy storage technology in the future, wind power utilization will increase. Ocean energy can include tidal energy, wave energy, sea temperature difference, etc. The theoretical reserves are considerable. Limited to the technical level, it is still in the small-scale research stage. At present, due to the immature use of new energy, it only accounts for a small part of the total energy required by the world, and there is a great development prospect in the future.
Second, mainly introduce some new energy sources with the most promising future
(1) Solar energy
Solar energy generally refers to the radiant energy of sunlight. The main forms of solar energy use are the three main methods of solar thermal conversion, photoelectric conversion and photochemical conversion. Solar energy in a broad sense is a source of many energy sources on Earth, such as wind energy, chemical energy, and potential energy of water, which are caused or converted into energy by solar energy. The methods of using solar energy mainly include: solar cells, which convert the energy contained in sunlight into electric energy through photoelectric conversion; solar water heaters use the heat of sunlight to heat water and use hot water to generate electricity. Solar energy is clean and environmentally friendly, without any pollution, high utilization value, and solar energy has no energy shortage. Its various advantages determine its irreplaceable position in energy replacement.
Solar photovoltaic
A photovoltaic panel assembly is a power generating device that produces direct current when exposed to sunlight, consisting of a thin, solid photovoltaic cell made almost entirely of semiconductor material, such as silicon. Since there is no active part, it can be operated for a long time without causing any loss. Simple photovoltaic cells provide energy for watches and computers, and more complex photovoltaic systems can illuminate the home and power the grid. The photovoltaic panel assembly can be made in different shapes, and the components can be connected to generate more power. Photovoltaic panel assemblies are used on rooftops and building surfaces, and even as part of windows, skylights or shelters, which are often referred to as photovoltaic systems attached to buildings.
Major domestic solar cell manufacturers are experiencing a rare "rainy weather." Due to more than 95% of capacity exports and too much reliance on the European market, domestic solar cell companies have been continuously affected by a number of negative factors in recent months: the European debt crisis, the euro plunge, and Europe cut solar subsidies. This series of unfavorable factors indicates that domestic solar cell manufacturers are both worried and far-sighted. However, domestic companies that are responsive are trying to control operational risks from both the cost and demand side. In 2009, domestic solar cell production capacity was about 2.4 million kilowatts, but domestic solar power installed capacity was only 120,000 kilowatts, 95% of production capacity, of which Europe is the most important market. In the past few years, Europe has been the focus of world solar photovoltaic power generation. In 2009, Germany, Spain, Italy and the Czech Republic added more than 4.2 million kilowatts of installed capacity, accounting for 60% of the world. Since the beginning of the year, the euro zone countries such as Greece and Spain have experienced a debt crisis. The euro exchange rate has turned sharply. The exchange rate of the euro against the US dollar has fallen by more than 12%. Domestic solar cell manufacturers have suffered serious losses.
Solar thermal
Modern solar thermal technology polymerizes sunlight and uses its energy to produce hot water, steam and electricity. In addition to using appropriate technology to collect solar energy, buildings can also use the sun's light and heat by adding suitable equipment to the design, such as giant south-facing windows or building materials that absorb and slowly release solar heat. .
Solar photosynthetic energy
Plants use sunlight for photosynthesis and synthesize organic matter. Therefore, it is possible to artificially simulate plant photosynthesis, synthesize a large amount of organic matter required by humans, and improve solar energy utilization efficiency.
(2) Wind energy
Wind energy is formed by the flow of solar radiation. Compared with other energy sources, wind energy has obvious advantages. It has a large amount of reserves, 10 times that of water energy, and it is widely distributed and never exhausted. It is especially important for islands and remote areas with inconvenient transportation and far away from the main power grid. The most common form of utilization of wind energy is wind power. There are two ideas for wind power generation, horizontal axis fans and vertical axis fans. Horizontal axis fans are widely used as mainstream models for wind power generation.
wind power
It is the most common form of wind energy use by contemporary people. Since the development of wind turbines in Denmark at the end of the 19th century, people have realized that oil and other energy sources will be exhausted, and they will pay attention to the development of wind energy and use the wind to do other things.
In 1977, the Federal Republic of Germany built one of the world's largest power generation windmills in the famous wind valley, Bloomstal, Schleswig-Holstein. The windmill is 150 meters high and each blade is 40 meters long and weighs 18 tons. It is made of FRP. By the end of 2009, the cumulative installed capacity of the world has reached 159 million kilowatts. In 2009, the newly installed capacity exceeded 30 million kilowatts, an increase of 31.9%. In terms of cumulative installed capacity, the United States has installed a total of 35.16 million kilowatts, ranking first; China is 26.1 million kilowatts, ranking second in the world.
(3) Nuclear energy
Nuclear energy is the energy released from the nucleus by transforming its mass, in accordance with Albert Einstein's equation E=mc^2; where E = energy, m = mass, c = speed of light constant. There are three main forms of nuclear energy release:
nuclear power plant
A. Nuclear fission energy
The so-called nuclear fission energy is the energy released by the fission of some heavy nuclei (such as uranium-235, thorium-239, etc.).
B. Nuclear fusion energy
A reaction in which two or more hydrogen nuclei (such as the isotope of hydrogen - helium and neon) combine to form a heavier nuclei, and a mass loss releases a large amount of energy, called a nuclear fusion reaction, and the energy released is called a nucleus. Fusion energy.
C. Nuclear decay
Nuclear decay is a naturally slower crack deformation that is difficult to exploit because of its slow energy release.
Nuclear energy defect
(1) Low resource utilization
(2) The nuclear waste generated after the reaction becomes a potential factor that harms the biosphere, and its final treatment technology has not been completely solved.
(3) The safety of the reactor needs to be continuously monitored and improved.
(4) Constraints on nuclear non-proliferation requirements, ie the é’š-239 generated in the nuclear power plant reactor is controlled
(5) The investment cost of nuclear power construction is still higher than that of conventional energy generation, and the investment risk is relatively high.
Sino-British nuclear energy cooperation
The UK's nuclear energy development ranks among the world's leading players and is an ideal partner for nuclear energy companies seeking business and technical cooperation. The UK's nuclear energy industry has a huge consumer market, and its development has also received strong support from government agencies and policies. At the same time, the UK nuclear energy industry also has world-leading technical experience and talent base; not only that, the UK nuclear energy industry complete sets of industries The chain and complete supporting service system have also created a stable and healthy environment for the development of the industry.
In the UK's Climate Change Act of 2008, the long-term goal of energy development is set: by 2050, the UK's greenhouse gas emissions need to be reduced by 80% from 1990 levels. To achieve this goal, the UK is undertaking a huge energy restructuring plan to decommission traditional power plants and launch new energy power generation projects including nuclear power. A project coalition of the UK Energy Research Cooperation (ERP), the National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL), the UK Engineering and Natural Research Council (EPSRC), the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) and the Energy Technology Institute (ETI) UK Nuclear Fission Energy Technology Roadmap: Preliminary Report. The report pointed out that the UK must develop a clear and specific medium- and long-term development strategy and roadmap for the nuclear energy industry, and assume that if the UK has a safe, low-carbon energy structure by 2050, nuclear power will play a greater role.
On October 21, 2013, the British government officially approved the plan of China National Nuclear Power Corporation and China National Nuclear Corporation to participate in the investment of new nuclear power plants. This indicates that Chinese nuclear power companies have finally landed in western developed countries. Earlier, the Chinese and British governments signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Strengthening Cooperation in the Field of Civil Nuclear Energy after the Fifth China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue (EFD) held in Beijing on October 15. Lord Deighton, the Commercial Secretary of the UK Treasury, participated in the signing of this memorandum as a representative of the British side, which paved the way for the British government to formally approve the participation of Chinese nuclear power companies in the construction of Hinkley C.
The United Kingdom is the country with the oldest history of civilian nuclear power, and China is the country with the fastest development of civilian nuclear power. This cooperation will benefit both China and the UK. China has the world's largest nuclear power equipment manufacturing capacity, and has the most abundant funds in the world, which is also a major driving force for Chinese nuclear power companies to go overseas.
Sino-Russian energy cooperation
Russia is the world's major energy resource-rich country. Natural gas reserves and exports, oil production and export volume, and reserves of coal, uranium, iron, aluminum and other resources are among the highest in the world. As China's largest neighbor, Russia's political relations with China are mature and solid. China is regarded as a major partner. China's energy cooperation has both will and ability, as well as natural geographical advantages and complementary characteristics. It is China's energy security and sustainable maintenance. Develop partners that can be leveraged.
With the rapid development of Sino-Russian relations, the scale of energy cooperation between the two countries has gradually grown from small to large, from pure trade to comprehensive cooperation involving oil, gas, nuclear, coal, electricity and new energy. The Sino-Russian crude oil pipeline was completed and put into operation in January 2011, and Russia transports 15 million tons of oil per year to China. China and Russia are negotiating to increase the supply of crude oil through pipelines. In the next 20 years, this energy artery will accumulate hundreds of millions of tons of oil to China. Russia has achieved diversification of oil exports, and China has a stable supply of land oil. In addition to pipeline oil supply, cooperation in the upstream development of oil and downstream refining and chemical industry in the two countries has gradually advanced. The Tianwan nuclear power plant project jointly constructed by China and Russia is safe and efficient. The coal and electric power trade between the two countries has grown substantially. In 2012, China imported 20 million tons of coal from Russia and imported electricity of 2.6 billion kWh. These two numbers will increase in the future.
Sino-French nuclear energy cooperation
On April 25, 2013, CGNPC signed a long-term joint statement with the French Areva Group and the French Power Group. The three companies signed a series of documents stipulating that they will jointly develop advanced reactors to promote the overall safety of the world nuclear power industry. Level of improvement. This is the third major nuclear power technology cooperation carried out by China and France in the past 30 years. China and France have 30 years of nuclear power cooperation. Since the early 1980s, the French power company has participated in the construction and operation of the Daya Bay nuclear power project in China. In the cooperation 30 years later, Mars Road stressed that the French power company is the world's largest nuclear power operator, CGNPC The Group is the owner of the world's largest nuclear power development plan. It is necessary for the two to strengthen nuclear power exchanges and cooperation, and mutual benefit and win-win.
As of April 2013, China Guangdong Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. has 7 nuclear power generating units with a total installed capacity of 7.21 million kilowatts, accounting for 53% of the total installed nuclear power capacity in mainland China; 15 units under construction, with a total installed capacity of 17.75 million kilowatts. The total installed capacity of nuclear power under construction in mainland China is 56%.
In the "Energy Development Strategic Action Plan (2014-2020)" proposed by the General Office of the State Council, it is clearly stated that by 2020, the installed capacity of nuclear power should reach 58 million kilowatts, and the capacity under construction will reach more than 30 million kilowatts.
Solar photovoltaic power generation will occupy an important seat in the world's energy consumption in the near future, not only to replace some of the conventional energy, but also to become the main body of the world's energy supply. In theory, photovoltaic power generation technology can be used in any situation where power is required, from spacecraft, down to household power, to megawatt power stations, small to toys, and photovoltaic power can be everywhere. The definition and classification information of the solar photovoltaic power generation industry are as follows:
Solar photovoltaic industry definition
According to the market research report of the solar photovoltaic power generation industry released by China Investment Consulting, photovoltaic power generation uses solar cells to directly convert solar energy into electricity according to the principle of photovoltaic effect. Whether it is independent use or grid-connected power generation, photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of three parts: solar panels (components), controllers and inverters. They are mainly composed of electronic components and do not involve mechanical components. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation equipment Extremely refined, reliable, stable, long life, easy installation and maintenance.
Solar photovoltaic industry classification
Power generation mode
Solar power generation is divided into solar thermal power generation and photovoltaic power generation. Regardless of production and sales, development speed and development prospects, CSP can't keep up with photovoltaic power generation. It may be due to the widespread popularity of photovoltaic power generation and the lack of contact with CSP. The so-called solar power generation is often referred to as solar photovoltaic power generation, referred to as optoelectronics.
Delivery method
Solar photovoltaic power generation is divided into independent photovoltaic power generation, grid-connected photovoltaic power generation, and distributed photovoltaic power generation.
Independent photovoltaic power generation
An independent photovoltaic power generation system is also called an off-grid photovoltaic power generation system. It is mainly composed of a solar cell module, a controller, and a battery. To supply power to an AC load, an AC inverter needs to be configured.
Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation
The grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is that the direct current generated by the solar modules is converted into the alternating current that meets the requirements of the mains grid through the grid-connected inverter, and then directly connected to the public power grid. Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems have centralized large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power plants, which are generally state-level power stations. The main feature is that the power generation can be directly delivered to the power grid, and the power grid can be uniformly deployed to supply power to users. However, such a power station has a large investment, a long construction period, a large area, and a relatively difficult development. The decentralized small-scale grid-connected photovoltaic system, especially the photovoltaic building integrated power generation system, is the mainstream of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation due to its advantages of small investment, fast construction, small floor space and strong policy support.
Distributed photovoltaic power generation
Distributed photovoltaic power generation system, also known as decentralized power generation or distributed power supply, refers to the configuration of a small photovoltaic power generation system at or near the user site to meet the needs of specific users and support the economy of existing distribution networks. Run, or both, meet both requirements.
The basic equipment of the distributed photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic cell components, photovoltaic array brackets, DC combiner boxes, DC power distribution cabinets, grid-connected inverters, AC power distribution cabinets, etc. In addition, power supply system monitoring devices and environmental monitoring Device. The operation mode is that under the condition of solar radiation, the solar cell module array of the photovoltaic power generation system converts the electric energy converted by the solar energy into the DC power distribution cabinet through the DC combiner box, and is converted into the AC power supply by the grid-connected inverter. The building's own load, excess or insufficient power is regulated by connecting the grid.
According to the "13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Solar Energy", the draft of the draft is to increase the scale and proportion of photovoltaic power generation in the external delivery capacity. The scale of single base delivery is over 1 million kilowatts, and the total scale reaches 12.2 million kilowatts.
In Qinghai, Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia and other areas with good solar energy resources and large scale of development, each of them plans to build a large-scale photovoltaic power generation base that is mainly sent to clean energy, which can be combined with solar thermal power generation to adjust performance and configure light and heat. The project, and supporting the construction of UHV delivery channels, the single base planned to deliver more than 2 million kilowatts.
Focus on the construction of Shanxi Taitong (3 million kilowatts), Shanxi Yangquan (2.2 million kilowatts), Shandong Jining (1 million kilowatts), Inner Mongolia Baotou (2 million kilowatts) coal mining subsidence area photovoltaic power generation comprehensive treatment project, and actively promote Anhui Lianghuai, The development and construction of photovoltaic power generation comprehensive treatment projects in the goaf and standby areas of Liaoning, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia are planned to be 15.4 million kilowatts. In 2020, the built capacity will exceed 10 million kilowatts.
By 2020, the total annual utilization of solar energy will reach 150 million tons of standard coal, of which solar power will save 50 million tons of standard coal annually; solar thermal utilization will save 96 million tons of standard coal, reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 280 million tons, and reduce sulfide emissions. 6.9 million tons. It is estimated that during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the contribution of solar power generation industry to China's GDP will reach 100 billion yuan, and the contribution of solar thermal utilization industry will reach 800 billion yuan. The number of people employed in the solar energy utilization industry can reach 7 million, and the number of employees in the solar thermal utilization industry can reach 5 million.
US solar cell manufacturer FirstSolar announced in its March 2016 “First Solar 2015 Sustainability Report†that the current cost of generating photovoltaic power generation facilities using the company's solar cells “has reached the level of electricity generation with fossil fuels. The level of cost competition." Specifically, the company's large-scale photovoltaic power generation system (millions of photovoltaic power plants) has a power generation cost of "5 to 12 cents" per kWh (First Solar), and coal-fired power generation of 6 to 15 cents per kWh in the United States. Nuclear power of kWh 9 to 12 cents and natural gas combined cycle power generation of 6 to 8 cents per kWh are basically the same. In places with good conditions such as the amount of sunshine, the cost will be lower. According to the latest industry estimates, the cost of domestic solar photovoltaic power generation will be 0.6 yuan / kWh, and is expected to reach 0.4 yuan / kWh in the next two to three years.
China's wind energy resources are abundant, and the wind farms that can be developed are widely distributed. The annual average wind speed in the southeast coast, Liaoning coast, Shandong and its islands reaches 6-9M/S. In order to promote the development of China's wind power industry, the State Planning Commission has been researching and formulating. The new renewable energy policy, some policies have begun to be introduced and implemented, these will certainly promote the rapid development of China's wind power industry.
China is located in the eastern part of the Asian continent, bordering on the Pacific Ocean, with strong monsoons and many mountain systems in the inland. The terrain is complex. Together with the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which stands in western China, it has changed the pressure distribution and atmospheric circulation caused by the influence of land and sea, increasing the complexity of the Chinese monsoon. The winter monsoon comes from the mid-high latitudes of Siberia and Mongolia. The air is very cold and dry, and the cold air accumulates to a certain extent. Under the guidance of favorable high-altitude circulation, it will be called the cold wave in the south, and the strong cold air control in this south and south frequently Under the influence, the formation of cold and dry northwest winds invaded various provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) in northern China. Every winter, there are always a number of strong cold air that has been greatly cooled down, mainly affecting northwest China, northeast China and North China, and will not disappear until the turn of the spring and summer. The summer monsoon is from the southeastern winds of the Pacific Ocean, the southwestern winds of the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. The southeast monsoon affects the eastern half of China. The southwest monsoon affects the southwestern provinces and the southern coast, but the wind speed is far less than the southeast monsoon. Tropical Storm is an air vortex formed on the tropical oceans of the western Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. It is a destructive ocean storm. It frequently attacks China in summer and autumn, landing on the coast of China's South China Sea and the southeast coast. Tropical storms can also be north of Shanghai. Log in, but the number is small.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is open and wide, with southerly winds in the southeast and northeast winds in the northeast. The other regions are generally westerly winds. In the summer, the Tanggula Mountains are bounded by the southeast winds, and the northeast is the northeast winds. China has a vast territory, with a total length of more than 20,000 kilometers and more than 18,000 kilometers of coastline. There are more than 5,000 islands in the edge of the sea, and there are abundant wind energy resources. The annual average wind speed of existing wind farm sites in China has reached more than 6 m / s. It is generally believed that wind conditions of wind farms can be divided into three categories: annual average wind speed of 6 m / sec or more is better; 7 m / sec or more is better; 8 m / sec or more is very good. The annual power generation of the unit under international standard atmospheric conditions can be estimated based on the wind speed frequency curve and the unit power curve. China is equivalent to an area of ​​more than 6 m / s, and is limited to a few areas across the country. Inland, it accounts for only about 1/100 of the country's total area, mainly in the southeast coast and its islands between the Yangtze River and Nan'ao Island. These areas are China's largest wind energy resource area and wind energy resource-rich areas, including Shandong and Liaodong. The peninsula, the coast of the Yellow Sea, the South China Sea coast to the west of Nan'ao Island, Hainan Island and the South China Sea Islands, Inner Mongolia from the north of the Yinshan Mountains to the north of the Greater Xing'an Mountains, Xinjiang Dabancheng, Alashankou, Hexi Corridor, the lower Songhua River, the northern part of Zhangjiakou, etc. It is also distributed along the alpine mountain pass and the top of the mountain.
The Global Wind Energy Council's annual report on global wind power development in Istanbul, Turkey, predicts that global wind power will continue to grow in the next five years and will reach 60 GW by 2018. Growth will continue to be led by China, and China is expected to achieve the 200 GW target of 2020. The National Climate Change Plan (2014-2020) proposes that by 2020, the installed capacity of grid-connected wind power will reach 200 million kilowatts. According to this target, during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, China's wind power needs to be put into production more than 20 million kilowatts per year.
As of the end of February 2015, China's grid-connected wind power installed capacity exceeded 100 million kilowatts for the first time, reaching 10,044,000 kilowatts, and continues to be the third largest power generation type in China and the world's wind power installed capacity. There are grid-connected wind farms in 31 provinces across the country. The installed capacity of wind power in Inner Mongolia and Gansu has reached 21.25 million kilowatts and 10.53 million kilowatts respectively, and Hebei, Xinjiang, Shandong and Liaoning have more than 5 million kilowatts.
Li Yangzhe, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, said on December 10 that the 13th Five-Year Plan for energy development is about to be released. The plan will reflect the two characteristics of innovation development and transformation and development.
Li Yangzhe made the above statement at the 2016 High-Level Forum on Energy Transformation. He said that the 13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Development, which was formulated in accordance with the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, has been reviewed and approved by the Second Meeting of the National Energy Commission and is currently undergoing procedures and is expected to be available soon. At the same time, the special plans for the 14 energy fields organized by the National Energy Administration are progressing smoothly. Six special plans for electricity, hydropower, wind power, coalbed methane and biomass have been released and implemented, and three special plans for renewable energy and natural gas will be released soon. Five special plans, such as solar energy, are being pushed forward and are expected to be implemented within the year.
He emphasized that the “13th Five-Year Plan†for energy release is “a plan that reflects innovation and development, and is also a plan that reflects transformational developmentâ€. Among them, from the perspective of transformation, it is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is from the main goals and indicators of planning, during the “13th Five-Year Plan†period, the non-fossil energy consumption ratio is increased to more than 15%; natural gas consumption is more than gravity. 10% or higher, the coal consumption ratio is less than 58%, and the non-fossil energy and natural gas increments are about 480 million tons of standard coal, which is more than three times the increase in coal – clean, low-carbon energy will be “ The main body of energy supply increase during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.
It is expected that in the next 40 years, China's future energy structure will be the following structure:
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