In a groundbreaking discovery, Tsinghua University has unveiled significant findings from the study of Warring States bamboo slips, shedding new light on ancient Chinese history and culture. These slips, which date back over 2,000 years, have not only recovered lost texts from the Warring States period but also helped reconstruct the history and historical geography of the State of Chu.
The research was officially announced this morning, revealing that the bamboo slips contain over 60 previously unknown texts, including works such as "Yin Zhi," "Ji Gong," and "Practice for Training." Many of these texts were once believed to be lost forever, especially after the famous book burning in the Qin Dynasty.
In July 2008, Tsinghua University acquired a collection of these bamboo slips, which had been scattered outside the academic sphere. After two years of careful restoration, cleaning, and analysis, researchers identified a total of 2,388 slips. Among them, several were found to be parts of the "Warring States Book," a text long thought to be lost.
According to Professor Li Xueqin, a leading scholar at Tsinghua University and head of the Xia-Shang-Zhou Dynasty Project, the newly discovered texts include classic philosophical and historical writings. One of the most notable is "Practice for Training," which recounts King Wen of Zhou's final words to his son, King Wu, and mentions legends about the ancestors of the Yi and Shang dynasties.
Another important text, "Let’s Music," is believed to be related to the lost "Book of Music," one of the six classical texts known as "Shi Jing (Book of Songs), Shu Jing (Book of Documents), Li Jing (Rites), Yue Jing (Music), Yi Jing (Book of Changes), and Chun Qiu (Spring and Autumn Annals)." The loss of the "Book of Music" during the book burning left only five of the six classics intact.
This time, scholars have uncovered a passage describing how King Wu of Zhou used poetry and wine to celebrate his victory after defeating the Shang Dynasty. Experts believe this is part of the lost "Book of Music."
Additionally, the bamboo slips contain a historical record of the Western Zhou Dynasty and early Warring States period. Some poems found among the slips bear striking similarities to those in the "Book of Songs."
Beyond literary and historical value, the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips also provide detailed accounts of the migration of the Chu people and their origins. They have helped resolve long-standing debates in historical scholarship and offer fresh insights into ancient Chinese civilization.
Tsinghua University has recently published its findings, marking a major milestone in the study of early Chinese texts and offering a glimpse into the intellectual world of the Warring States era.
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